Educational Reform in Independent Jamaica

Book Cover: Commonwealth Caribbean Education in the Global Context
Part of the INTERAMER 54 Educational series:

Published as the first Chapter and titled: Commonwealth Caribbean Education in the Global Context: Educational Reform in Independent Jamaica. In Educational Reform in the Commonwealth Caribbean, (1999) Errol Miller Editor, INTERAMER 54 Educational Series. Organisation of American States, Washington D. C. Pp 3-23

This publication is the first Chapter of the Book titled Educational Reform in the Commonwealth Caribbean which deals with reform measures introduced in different countries of the Commonwealth Caribbean in the last decade of the twentieth century. In setting the stage for the description and discussion of these reforms this publication points out that several of the policy prescriptions for the education of the New Right has already been implemented in the Commonwealth Caribbean and that most of the characteristics used to define education in the developing countries do not apply to the Commonwealth Caribbean. Accordingly, education reform in the last decade of the twentieth century has drawn their informing ideas from the unique imperatives of this sub-region. To account for these unique imperatives this Chapter shows that Commonwealth Caribbean has been part of the Western system of education for over 350 years and therefore tracing its development through the Protestant ideas that informed the genesis of education during slavery, the Denominational system with state support and the State system with denominational management that emerged in the following emancipation but during the colonial period and the national systems of education that have been established in the post-independence period prior to the final decade of the twentieth century.

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Professor Errol Miller has had a rather unique professional and public service career which has given him almost a three hundred and sixty-degree exposure within the education enterprise. He has been a high school science teacher; university lecturer in science education; college principal; university professor, chancellor of a university college, permanent secretary in the Ministry of Education; independent senator in the Parliament of Jamaica; a president of the teachers’ association; a chairman of the board of the state broadcasting corporation; chairman of the Electoral Commission of Jamaica; a researcher; an author; an international consultant; chairman or member of several school and college boards.

The Partnership between the University of the West Indies and Teachers Colleges

Caribbean Journal of Education, Vol 23, Nos 1 and 2, 2001: Pp 73-88.

Teacher Education: The Partnership between the University of the West Indies and Teachers Colleges share similar content to Colleges Training Teachers and the School of Education, UWI. However, it omits the brief historical sketch of the evolution of teacher education in the Commonwealth Caribbean and starts with the creation of the training of secondary school teachers in 1952 in the Department of Education. Its focus is on the School of Education, Mona and the partnership with national colleges in the Western Caribbean, particularly in Jamaica. The 1990s was a turning point in teacher education particularly in the Western Caribbean and this paper updates the dialogue taking place in the closing years of the 20th century and the turn of the 21st century.

Book Cover: Colleges training teachers and the school of Education, UWI
Part of the Journal of education & development in the Caribbean series:
  • Colleges training teachers and the school of Education, UWI

In Journal of Education and Development in the Caribbean Vol 1. No. 1 1997: Pp 61-82

Colleges Training Teachers and the School of Education, UWI sketches:

  • the history of the establishment of colleges training elementary school teachers in the 1830s;
  • the establishment of UWI's Department of Education in 1952 training secondary school teachers;
  • the creation of Ministries of Education and Boards of Teacher Training across the region starting in 1953; and
  • the devolution of the certification of teachers by Ministries of Education, except for Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago, to the Institute of Education, UWI in 1965.

The paper then describes the major changes in Tertiary Education as these relate to the evolution of national colleges and the emergence of the University of Technology in Jamaica, the College of Bahamas and the University College of Belize in the 1990s. It then outlines the seven types of arrangement that had developed between national colleges and the regional University of the West Indies and these types of arrangements as they existed in the Faculty of Education in the Western Caribbean. The paper highlights the need for rationalization and synchronization of these relationships and suggested a framework within which this could be done.

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The OECS Education Reform Strategy by the Working Group

Book Cover: Foundation for the Future

Foundation for the Future: The OECS Education Reform Strategy by the Working Group.

Errol Miller Chairman, Anthony Lockhart, Mary Fenton, George Forde, Evelyn Sheppard, Bertram Ross, Francis Sookram, and Cools Vanloo. OECS Secretariat, Castries St Lucia assisted by the Canadian International Development Agency. December 1991.

Foundation for the Future was the first long-term education reform strategy commissioned by the Secretariat of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). Its purpose was to guide the reform of education in the countries of the OECS to the year 2000. Foundation for the Future was accepted by the Ministers of Education of the sub-region and approved by the Central Authority of the OECS, comprised of Prime Ministers, in 1992.  The OECS Education Reform Unit was created to guide, coordinate and drive the implementation of this official strategic education reform framework of the member countries of the OECS. The Foundation for the Future Monograph was widely circulated by the OECS Secretariat in the countries of the OECS. All persons who participated in activities of the Working Group received copies. Further, it was accepted by almost all development cooperation agencies supporting education in the OECS. As such Foundation for the Future has become the seminal document contributing to education reform in the OECS since 1992.

Foundation for the Future proposed 53 specific strategies grouped under nine areas: harmonization of education systems in the sub-region; early childhood, primary, secondary; tertiary, adult and continuing education; terms and conditions of service of teachers; administration and management; financing education and implementing the reforms.

Foundation for the Future

The English-Speaking Caribbean

Book Cover: Educational Research

Educational Research: The English-Speaking Caribbean.

(1984) International Development Research Centre, Ottawa.

Foreword by Susan Mowat, Deputy Director of Social Science Division, IDRC.

Educational Research: The English Speaking Caribbean gives an account of the establishment of education research in the English-speaking Caribbean for its first thirty years: 1954 to 1984. First, the Monograph traces the infant years of educational research in the English-speaking Caribbean from 1954 with the creation of the Centre for Studies in Education in the Department of Education of the University College of the West Indies, and 1966 with the creation of the Faculty of Education of the University of Guyana. It mentions that the Carnegie Corporation assisted with the commencement of educational research in both the University College of the West Indies and the University of Guyana. It also described how the Centre for the Study of Education was superseded by the Institute of Education of the University College of the West Indies in 1962 and was established as a regional entity with branches in Barbados and Trinidad with assistance from the Ford Foundation and several Caribbean governments.

Educational Research: The English-Speaking Caribbean also traces the spread of research in education, between 1954 and 1984, outside of Departments, Institutes and Faculties of Education to other entities within the Universities of the West Indies and Guyana, namely the Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, the Institute of Social and Economic Studies, and the Department of Preventative Medicine of the UWI and the Institute of Development Studies of the University of Guyana; to Ministries of Education of the English-speaking Caribbean; and to the College of the Bahamas and to the Child Assessment and Research in Education Centre of Mico College and to private entities such as the Caribbean Research Centre in St Lucia and the Mel Nathan Institute in Jamaica.

The Monograph documents the education research capacity that existed in 1981 in the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and seven countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) formerly known as the Leeward and Windward Islands. It documents research capacity in terms of institutions engaged in research projects, projects that had been or were being implemented, numbers of educators trained in conducting research, sources of funding; journals and support services such as archives, libraries, and information and communication technologies.

The Monograph also documents the development of indigenous capacity to train education research in the English Speaking Caribbean starting at the University of the West Indies in 1964 and the University of Guyana in 1976. It records the number of persons who had been trained in research up to 1981, the areas in which they had been trained and the numbers that had remained in the sub-region up to the time of writing.

The Monograph not only describes, documents and counts but discusses the context of English-speaking Caribbean in relation to its political milieu, economies, cultural ferment, social stratification and social structures as these relate to education systems as well as the intellectual traditions and dominant modes of thought. At different points, it discusses constraints to research and critiques research practices and outcomes.

Probably its most provocative aspect is the five mini-case studies recorded in relation to research done by Dennis Craig, Lawrence Carrington, Desmond Broomes, D.R. B Grant and Errol Miller and their intersection and impact on education policymaking. The discussion of these cases includes the research cycle, the policy cycle, the movement of researchers and their students into policy advisory positions and the critical factor of timing.

Educational Research: The English-Speaking Caribbean is a seminal study and could well be regarded as compulsory reading for all currently engaged or interested in educational research in the Commonwealth Caribbean.

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